Defining Prejudice Essay

harm-a preconceived contradict judgement of a root word and its soul members. -prejudice is an attitude. The negative evaluations that mark prejudice a lot atomic number 18 back up by negative beliefs called classs.Forms of prejudice emboss a belief closely the personal attributes of a group of people. Stereotypes be sometimes overgeneralized, in entire, and resistant to raw information. inequality- unjustified negative behaviour toward a group or its members. Racism- an unmarrieds prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behaviour toward people of a presumptuousness(p) course or institutional practices that subordinate people of a given locomote. Sexism- an individuals prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behaviour toward people of a given sex.Racial prejudiceIn the context of the world, Every race is a minority. Most folks see prejudice in other people. -is racial prejudice disappearing?-in 1942 most Ameri johns agreed that on that point should be separate sections for negroes on streetcars and buses.-p bents both black and white suggested that their children should know the invoice of blacks and whites.-most black and white would exchangeablely to vote a black American for president.In the United States, whites tend to compare the render with the oppressive other(prenominal) and to perceive swift and radical progress. Blacks tend to compare their present with their rarified world, which has not yet been originalized, and to perceive somewhat less progress. sex Prejudice peoples prejudgment on others base on sexuality. Gender Stereotype are simplistic generalizations about the sexuality attributes, differences, and roles of individuals and/or groups. Stereotypes can be positive or negative, but they rarely communicate accurate information about others. When people automatically apply gender assumptions to others irrespective of evidence to the contrary, they are perpetuating gender stereotyping. M some(prenominal) people earn the dangers of gender stereotyping, yet continue to make these types of generalizations. the fe manlike stereotypicrole is to get hitched with and energise children. She is in addition to put her familys welfare before her experience be loving, compassionate, caring, nurturing, and sympathetic and find time to be sexy and savour beautiful.The male stereotypic role is to be the financial provider. He is also to be assertive, competitive, independent, courageous, and careerfocused hold his emotions in check and ceaselessly initiate sex. These sorts of stereotypes can prove harmful they can stifle individual expression and creativity, as well as hinder personal and nonrecreational growth. Ambivalent Sexism Ambivalent sexism is an political theory composed of both a violent and openhearted prejudice toward women. Hostile sexism is an antagonistic attitude toward women, who are often viewed as trying to control men through feminist ideology or sexual seduction. Benevolent sexism is a chivalrous attitude toward women that feels social but is actually s pull round because it casts women as weak creatures in desire of mens protection.What causes ambivalent sexism?According to Professors Glick and Fiske, sexist ambivalence is the proceeds of two basic facts about relations amongst women and men male dominance (patriarchy) and interdependence between the sexes. Male dominance is prevalent crosswise cultures, with men dominating high status roles in business, government, religious institutions, and so forth. Hostile sexism arises in large part because dominant groups tend to make out hostile ideologies concerning the inferiority of other groups. Despite male dominance, however, men are often highly dependent upon women as wives, mothers, and romantic partners. This dependence fosters benevolent sexism, which recognizes women as valuable and attractive (an attitude not generally present in prejudices such as racism, anti-Semitism, and homophobia, in which the targets of prejudice are typically shunned or loathed).Gender Discrimination Discrimination based on gender or sexWhere and When Can Gender Discrimination Occur? avocation Including claims that a potential employer asked discriminatory questions based on gender during the call into question process claims that an employer failed to hire, failed to promote, or wrongfully terminated anemployee based on his or her gender unequal pay claims and claims for sexual curse of employees. Education Including claims for extrusion from educational programs or opportunities based on gender and claims for sexual harassment of students.Housing Including claims for refusal to negotiate with a person seeking housing, claims for imposition of diametric lease/contract terms, and claims for refusal to extend a loan based on the gender of the applicant/tenant/buyer. Borrowing / Credit Including claims for refusal to extend credit, claims for imposition of unequal loan terms, and claim s arising from improper inquiries during the credit/loan approval process, based on the gender of the applicant.3 SOURCES OF PREJUDICESocial Source frantic SourceCognitive SourceSocial Sources of PrejudiceThe self-fulfilling prophecy where a belief is accepted as truth, & in stating it, becomes true.Stereotype ThreatStereotype threat is the threat of being viewed through the lens of a negative stereotype, or the fear of doing something that would inadvertently confirm that stereotype, such as the stereotype that women perform poorly in math. Some students try to escape stereotype threat by misidentifying with the part of life in which the stereotype originates, such as race or ethnic identities.Emotional Sources of Prejudice thwarting & aggressionThe Scapegoat supposition When problems occur, people do not like to blame themselves. They will thus actively seek scapegoats onto whom they can end their aggression. Scapegoats may be out-group individuals or even entire groups. Powerle ss people who cannot easily resist will often become victims of scapegoating. Scapegoating increases when people are frustrated &seeking an outlet for their anger.The Realistic Group Conflict TheoryWhen there are limited resources, then this leads to conflict, prejudice & discrimination between groups who seek that common resource.Cross-race/ Other-race EffectRefers to the tendency to more easily recognize members of ones own race. A study was made which examined 271 real court cases. The results from this study showed that witnesses correctly identified 65 % of the defendants which were of the same race as them. On the other hand, 45% of the defendants were identified which belonged to a diametrical race than the witnesses.Just-world PhenomenonThe just-world phenomenon, refers to the tendency for people to believe that the world is just & so therefore people get what they deserve. It wrongly colors our impression of victims of any sort.Controversies and Prominent TopicsSexismNatio nalismClassismSexual DiscriminationRacismReligious DiscriminationLinguistic DiscriminationReducing PrejudiceThe connexion hypothesisThe contact hypothesis predicts that prejudice can only be shriveld when in-group and out-group members are brought together. In particular, there are six conditions that mustiness be met to reduce prejudice, as were cultivated in Elliot Aronsons Jigsaw Classroom. First, the in- and out- groups must have a degree of mutual interdependence. Second, both groups need to share a common goal. Third, the two groups must have equal status. Fourth, theremust be frequent opportunities for informal and interpersonal contact between groups. Fifth, there should be multiple contacts between the in- and the out- groups. Finally, social norms of equality must exist and be present to foster prejudice reduction.